Wednesday 15 April 2026

The top 5 countries with emergency stockpiles of crude oil are:

1. United States:
The U.S. SPR, the world’s largest emergency crude oil reserve, currently holds approximately 415 million barrels, about 58% of its total authorized capacity of 714–715 million barrels.
The SPR has been actively drawn down to mitigate the global supply shock caused by the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, which disrupted roughly 20% of global oil supply.
The U.S. contributed 172 million barrels to the International Energy Agency’s coordinated emergency release of 400 million barrels in March 2026.

2. China's crude oil stockpile has been a significant factor in the global oil market, especially during periods of geopolitical turmoil. In 2025, China's stockpiling reached an estimated rate of 530,000 barrels per day, contributing to a total stockpile of approximately 1 billion barrels by 2026. This aggressive stockpiling strategy is part of China's long-term energy security focus, with investments in storage infrastructure to mitigate risks from Middle East crises and other global uncertainties. The stockpiles have helped absorb excess global supply and have supported oil prices despite trade wars and concerns about the economy.

3. India's crude oil stockpile is currently at approximately 64% capacity, with around 3.372 million tonnes of crude oil stored. This stockpile is designed to provide cover for about 9.5 days during supply disruptions. The country relies on imports for about 88% of its crude oil needs, spending USD 110 billion recently on crude imports. India's strategic oil reserves are spread across multiple storage points, including underground strategic caverns located in Mangalore, Padur, and Visakhapatnam, as well as above-ground storage tanks, pipelines, and offshore vessels. The government has also approved the establishment of two additional commercial-cum-strategic petroleum reserve facilities with a total storage capacity of 6.5 million tonnes.

4. Japan's crude oil stockpile is a strategic reserve managed under the Oil Stockpiling Law, enacted in 1975 following the 1973 oil crisis. The stockpiles are divided into three categories: state stockpiles, private sector stockpiles, and joint stockpiles. As of the end of December, Japan held a total of 254 days' worth of oil in stockpiles. The government maintains these stockpiles to ensure a stable supply of oil in the event of shortages and to prepare for worst-case scenarios.

5. South Korea maintains a robust strategic petroleum reserve system managed by the Korea National Oil Corporation (KNOC). As of late 2025, KNOC operates nine stockpiling bases with a total capacity of 146 million barrels, currently holding approximately 100 million barrels of government-controlled reserves, excluding international joint stockpiles. Combined with private sector holdings, South Korea’s total strategic reserves cover roughly 200–208 days of domestic demand. The main crude oil storage facilities are located in Ulsan, Geoje, Yeosu, and Seosan, while oil products are stored in Guri, Yongin, Donghae, and Goksung.

Strategic petroleum reserves are held to mitigate the impact of supply disruptions, such as geopolitical conflicts or natural disasters. IEA member countries are required to maintain reserves equivalent to 90 days of net oil imports, while non-IEA countries like China have independently developed large reserves to safeguard their energy security. These reserves are stored in a combination of government facilities, commercial storage, and industry stockpiles, and can be released during emergencies to stabilize global oil markets.
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